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<div class="subTitle">org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials</div>
<h2 title="Class PolynomialFunction" class="title">Class PolynomialFunction</h2>
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<dd><a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/io/Serializable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.io">Serializable</a>, <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/DifferentiableUnivariateFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis">DifferentiableUnivariateFunction</a>, <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/differentiation/UnivariateDifferentiableFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.differentiation">UnivariateDifferentiableFunction</a>, <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/UnivariateFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis">UnivariateFunction</a></dd>
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<pre>public class <span class="strong">PolynomialFunction</span>
extends <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a>
implements <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/differentiation/UnivariateDifferentiableFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.differentiation">UnivariateDifferentiableFunction</a>, <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/DifferentiableUnivariateFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis">DifferentiableUnivariateFunction</a>, <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/io/Serializable.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.io">Serializable</a></pre>
<div class="block">Immutable representation of a real polynomial function with real coefficients.
 <p>
 <a href="http://mathworld.wolfram.com/HornersMethod.html">Horner's Method</a>
 is used to evaluate the function.</p></div>
<dl><dt><span class="strong">See Also:</span></dt><dd><a href="../../../../../../serialized-form.html#org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials.PolynomialFunction">Serialized Form</a></dd></dl>
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<th class="colLast" scope="col">Class and Description</th>
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<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>static class&nbsp;</code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.Parametric.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction.Parametric</a></strong></code>
<div class="block">Dedicated parametric polynomial class.</div>
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<th class="colOne" scope="col">Constructor and Description</th>
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<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colOne"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#PolynomialFunction(double[])">PolynomialFunction</a></strong>(double[]&nbsp;c)</code>
<div class="block">Construct a polynomial with the given coefficients.</div>
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<th class="colLast" scope="col">Method and Description</th>
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<td class="colFirst"><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a></code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#add(org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials.PolynomialFunction)">add</a></strong>(<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a>&nbsp;p)</code>
<div class="block">Add a polynomial to the instance.</div>
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<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>int</code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#degree()">degree</a></strong>()</code>
<div class="block">Returns the degree of the polynomial.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/UnivariateFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis">UnivariateFunction</a></code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#derivative()">derivative</a></strong>()</code>
<div class="block">Returns the derivative as a <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/UnivariateFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis"><code>UnivariateFunction</code></a>.</div>
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<td class="colFirst"><code>protected static double[]</code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#differentiate(double[])">differentiate</a></strong>(double[]&nbsp;coefficients)</code>
<div class="block">Returns the coefficients of the derivative of the polynomial with the given coefficients.</div>
</td>
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<td class="colFirst"><code>boolean</code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#equals(java.lang.Object)">equals</a></strong>(<a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;obj)</code></td>
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<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code>protected static double</code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#evaluate(double[],%20double)">evaluate</a></strong>(double[]&nbsp;coefficients,
        double&nbsp;argument)</code>
<div class="block">Uses Horner's Method to evaluate the polynomial with the given coefficients at
 the argument.</div>
</td>
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<td class="colFirst"><code>double[]</code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#getCoefficients()">getCoefficients</a></strong>()</code>
<div class="block">Returns a copy of the coefficients array.</div>
</td>
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<td class="colFirst"><code>int</code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#hashCode()">hashCode</a></strong>()</code></td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a></code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#multiply(org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials.PolynomialFunction)">multiply</a></strong>(<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a>&nbsp;p)</code>
<div class="block">Multiply the instance by a polynomial.</div>
</td>
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<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a></code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#negate()">negate</a></strong>()</code>
<div class="block">Negate the instance.</div>
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<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a></code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#polynomialDerivative()">polynomialDerivative</a></strong>()</code>
<div class="block">Returns the derivative as a <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials"><code>PolynomialFunction</code></a>.</div>
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<tr class="rowColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a></code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#subtract(org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials.PolynomialFunction)">subtract</a></strong>(<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a>&nbsp;p)</code>
<div class="block">Subtract a polynomial from the instance.</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="altColor">
<td class="colFirst"><code><a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">String</a></code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#toString()">toString</a></strong>()</code>
<div class="block">Returns a string representation of the polynomial.</div>
</td>
</tr>
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<td class="colFirst"><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/differentiation/DerivativeStructure.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.differentiation">DerivativeStructure</a></code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#value(org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.differentiation.DerivativeStructure)">value</a></strong>(<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/differentiation/DerivativeStructure.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.differentiation">DerivativeStructure</a>&nbsp;t)</code>
<div class="block">Simple mathematical function.</div>
</td>
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<td class="colFirst"><code>double</code></td>
<td class="colLast"><code><strong><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html#value(double)">value</a></strong>(double&nbsp;x)</code>
<div class="block">Compute the value of the function for the given argument.</div>
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<h3>Methods inherited from class&nbsp;java.lang.<a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a></h3>
<code><a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#clone()" title="class or interface in java.lang">clone</a>, <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#finalize()" title="class or interface in java.lang">finalize</a>, <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#getClass()" title="class or interface in java.lang">getClass</a>, <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#notify()" title="class or interface in java.lang">notify</a>, <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#notifyAll()" title="class or interface in java.lang">notifyAll</a>, <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#wait()" title="class or interface in java.lang">wait</a>, <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#wait(long)" title="class or interface in java.lang">wait</a>, <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#wait(long,%20int)" title="class or interface in java.lang">wait</a></code></li>
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<a name="PolynomialFunction(double[])">
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<h4>PolynomialFunction</h4>
<pre>public&nbsp;PolynomialFunction(double[]&nbsp;c)
                   throws <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NullArgumentException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NullArgumentException</a>,
                          <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NoDataException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NoDataException</a></pre>
<div class="block">Construct a polynomial with the given coefficients.  The first element
 of the coefficients array is the constant term.  Higher degree
 coefficients follow in sequence.  The degree of the resulting polynomial
 is the index of the last non-null element of the array, or 0 if all elements
 are null.
 <p>
 The constructor makes a copy of the input array and assigns the copy to
 the coefficients property.</p></div>
<dl><dt><span class="strong">Parameters:</span></dt><dd><code>c</code> - Polynomial coefficients.</dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Throws:</span></dt>
<dd><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NullArgumentException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NullArgumentException</a></code> - if <code>c</code> is <code>null</code>.</dd>
<dd><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NoDataException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NoDataException</a></code> - if <code>c</code> is empty.</dd></dl>
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<h4>value</h4>
<pre>public&nbsp;double&nbsp;value(double&nbsp;x)</pre>
<div class="block">Compute the value of the function for the given argument.
 <p>
  The value returned is </p><p>
  <code>coefficients[n] * x^n + ... + coefficients[1] * x  + coefficients[0]</code>
 </p></div>
<dl>
<dt><strong>Specified by:</strong></dt>
<dd><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/UnivariateFunction.html#value(double)">value</a></code>&nbsp;in interface&nbsp;<code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/UnivariateFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis">UnivariateFunction</a></code></dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Parameters:</span></dt><dd><code>x</code> - Argument for which the function value should be computed.</dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>the value of the polynomial at the given point.</dd><dt><span class="strong">See Also:</span></dt><dd><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/UnivariateFunction.html#value(double)"><code>UnivariateFunction.value(double)</code></a></dd></dl>
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<h4>degree</h4>
<pre>public&nbsp;int&nbsp;degree()</pre>
<div class="block">Returns the degree of the polynomial.</div>
<dl><dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>the degree of the polynomial.</dd></dl>
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<h4>getCoefficients</h4>
<pre>public&nbsp;double[]&nbsp;getCoefficients()</pre>
<div class="block">Returns a copy of the coefficients array.
 <p>
 Changes made to the returned copy will not affect the coefficients of
 the polynomial.</p></div>
<dl><dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>a fresh copy of the coefficients array.</dd></dl>
</li>
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<a name="evaluate(double[], double)">
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<h4>evaluate</h4>
<pre>protected static&nbsp;double&nbsp;evaluate(double[]&nbsp;coefficients,
              double&nbsp;argument)
                          throws <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NullArgumentException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NullArgumentException</a>,
                                 <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NoDataException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NoDataException</a></pre>
<div class="block">Uses Horner's Method to evaluate the polynomial with the given coefficients at
 the argument.</div>
<dl><dt><span class="strong">Parameters:</span></dt><dd><code>coefficients</code> - Coefficients of the polynomial to evaluate.</dd><dd><code>argument</code> - Input value.</dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>the value of the polynomial.</dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Throws:</span></dt>
<dd><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NoDataException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NoDataException</a></code> - if <code>coefficients</code> is empty.</dd>
<dd><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NullArgumentException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NullArgumentException</a></code> - if <code>coefficients</code> is <code>null</code>.</dd></dl>
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<h4>value</h4>
<pre>public&nbsp;<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/differentiation/DerivativeStructure.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.differentiation">DerivativeStructure</a>&nbsp;value(<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/differentiation/DerivativeStructure.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.differentiation">DerivativeStructure</a>&nbsp;t)
                          throws <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NullArgumentException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NullArgumentException</a>,
                                 <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NoDataException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NoDataException</a></pre>
<div class="block">Simple mathematical function.
 <p><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/differentiation/UnivariateDifferentiableFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.differentiation"><code>UnivariateDifferentiableFunction</code></a> classes compute both the
 value and the first derivative of the function.</p></div>
<dl>
<dt><strong>Specified by:</strong></dt>
<dd><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/differentiation/UnivariateDifferentiableFunction.html#value(org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.differentiation.DerivativeStructure)">value</a></code>&nbsp;in interface&nbsp;<code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/differentiation/UnivariateDifferentiableFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.differentiation">UnivariateDifferentiableFunction</a></code></dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Parameters:</span></dt><dd><code>t</code> - function input value</dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>function result</dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Throws:</span></dt>
<dd><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NoDataException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NoDataException</a></code> - if <code>coefficients</code> is empty.</dd>
<dd><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NullArgumentException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NullArgumentException</a></code> - if <code>coefficients</code> is <code>null</code>.</dd><dt><span class="strong">Since:</span></dt>
  <dd>3.1</dd></dl>
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<h4>add</h4>
<pre>public&nbsp;<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a>&nbsp;add(<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a>&nbsp;p)</pre>
<div class="block">Add a polynomial to the instance.</div>
<dl><dt><span class="strong">Parameters:</span></dt><dd><code>p</code> - Polynomial to add.</dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>a new polynomial which is the sum of the instance and <code>p</code>.</dd></dl>
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<pre>public&nbsp;<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a>&nbsp;subtract(<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a>&nbsp;p)</pre>
<div class="block">Subtract a polynomial from the instance.</div>
<dl><dt><span class="strong">Parameters:</span></dt><dd><code>p</code> - Polynomial to subtract.</dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>a new polynomial which is the instance minus <code>p</code>.</dd></dl>
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<pre>public&nbsp;<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a>&nbsp;negate()</pre>
<div class="block">Negate the instance.</div>
<dl><dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>a new polynomial with all coefficients negated</dd></dl>
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<pre>public&nbsp;<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a>&nbsp;multiply(<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a>&nbsp;p)</pre>
<div class="block">Multiply the instance by a polynomial.</div>
<dl><dt><span class="strong">Parameters:</span></dt><dd><code>p</code> - Polynomial to multiply by.</dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>a new polynomial equal to this times <code>p</code></dd></dl>
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<h4>differentiate</h4>
<pre>protected static&nbsp;double[]&nbsp;differentiate(double[]&nbsp;coefficients)
                                 throws <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NullArgumentException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NullArgumentException</a>,
                                        <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NoDataException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NoDataException</a></pre>
<div class="block">Returns the coefficients of the derivative of the polynomial with the given coefficients.</div>
<dl><dt><span class="strong">Parameters:</span></dt><dd><code>coefficients</code> - Coefficients of the polynomial to differentiate.</dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>the coefficients of the derivative or <code>null</code> if coefficients has length 1.</dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Throws:</span></dt>
<dd><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NoDataException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NoDataException</a></code> - if <code>coefficients</code> is empty.</dd>
<dd><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/exception/NullArgumentException.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.exception">NullArgumentException</a></code> - if <code>coefficients</code> is <code>null</code>.</dd></dl>
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<pre>public&nbsp;<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials">PolynomialFunction</a>&nbsp;polynomialDerivative()</pre>
<div class="block">Returns the derivative as a <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/polynomials/PolynomialFunction.html" title="class in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis.polynomials"><code>PolynomialFunction</code></a>.</div>
<dl><dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>the derivative polynomial.</dd></dl>
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<h4>derivative</h4>
<pre>public&nbsp;<a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/UnivariateFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis">UnivariateFunction</a>&nbsp;derivative()</pre>
<div class="block">Returns the derivative as a <a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/UnivariateFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis"><code>UnivariateFunction</code></a>.</div>
<dl>
<dt><strong>Specified by:</strong></dt>
<dd><code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/DifferentiableUnivariateFunction.html#derivative()">derivative</a></code>&nbsp;in interface&nbsp;<code><a href="../../../../../../org/apache/commons/math3/analysis/DifferentiableUnivariateFunction.html" title="interface in org.apache.commons.math3.analysis">DifferentiableUnivariateFunction</a></code></dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>the derivative function.</dd></dl>
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<h4>toString</h4>
<pre>public&nbsp;<a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/String.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">String</a>&nbsp;toString()</pre>
<div class="block">Returns a string representation of the polynomial.

 <p>The representation is user oriented. Terms are displayed lowest
 degrees first. The multiplications signs, coefficients equals to
 one and null terms are not displayed (except if the polynomial is 0,
 in which case the 0 constant term is displayed). Addition of terms
 with negative coefficients are replaced by subtraction of terms
 with positive coefficients except for the first displayed term
 (i.e. we display <code>-3</code> for a constant negative polynomial,
 but <code>1 - 3 x + x^2</code> if the negative coefficient is not
 the first one displayed).</p></div>
<dl>
<dt><strong>Overrides:</strong></dt>
<dd><code><a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#toString()" title="class or interface in java.lang">toString</a></code>&nbsp;in class&nbsp;<code><a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a></code></dd>
<dt><span class="strong">Returns:</span></dt><dd>a string representation of the polynomial.</dd></dl>
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<pre>public&nbsp;int&nbsp;hashCode()</pre>
<dl>
<dt><strong>Overrides:</strong></dt>
<dd><code><a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#hashCode()" title="class or interface in java.lang">hashCode</a></code>&nbsp;in class&nbsp;<code><a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a></code></dd>
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<h4>equals</h4>
<pre>public&nbsp;boolean&nbsp;equals(<a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a>&nbsp;obj)</pre>
<dl>
<dt><strong>Overrides:</strong></dt>
<dd><code><a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true#equals(java.lang.Object)" title="class or interface in java.lang">equals</a></code>&nbsp;in class&nbsp;<code><a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Object.html?is-external=true" title="class or interface in java.lang">Object</a></code></dd>
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